The China Harbin International Economic and Trade Fair, the "Harbin Trade Fair" for short, is an international large-scale economic trade fair approved by the nation’s government. It is hosted by the Ministry of Commerce of the PRC,National Development and Reform Commission, China Council for the Promotion of International Trade, Heilongjiang Provincial People's Government, Zhejiang Provincial People's Government and Harbin Municipal People's Government.

It has more than 10 overseas co-organizers, including Russia's Federal Economic Department and the Japan Association for the Promotion of International Trade. Since its establishment in 1990, it has been successfully held 22 times. Every year, more than 80 countries and regions and 1.8 million domestic and foreign businesspeople take part in the fair, achieving a total turnover of over $100 billion. Harbin Trade Fair has always adhered to the principle to boost Sino-Russian trade and promote ties with Northeast Asia as well as the world. Its location advantages have helped it develop into a national and international economic and trade event. It is a comprehensive and diverse international market opening up to the world and an important platform for cooperation in Northeast Asia. Since the 17th fair in 2006, the Harbin Trade Fair officially changed its name to the China Harbin International Economic and Trade Fair. In 2011, the 22nd Harbin Trade Fair saw signed contracts worth of $17.82 billion with 22 trade delegations and 58 countries and regions. Domestic trade value totaled 221.59 billion yuan ($36 billion) thanks to cooperation projects during the fair. Last year witnessed the largest trade value in the fair’s history.