By the end of 2016, there were 23.7 cars per 100 families, an increase of 15.6 percent compared with the previous year.

 

The increasing use of private cars has led to increasing demand for vehicle fuel, spare parts and accessories, plus related services costs.

 

The per capita transportation expenditure for Harbin residents in 2016 reached 2,358 yuan ($343), up 12.2 percent compared with 2015. The per capita fuel expenditure for vehicles hit 431 yuan, an increase of 13.7 percent. The per capita maintenance costs for vehicles topped 224 yuan, up 12.9 percent.